An image that can be copied and then have that copy abutted to the edge of any side of the original image and appear seamless (without any apparent edge between the images) is referred to as a tileable or seamless image.
Below is an example of a tileable image. There are nine identical images below. When they are joined together they appear to be one image. This is because each edge of the original image will blend into any edge of a copy of itself (if it is not rotated).
This type of image can be accomplished with some work using the Photoshop menu's Filter > Other > Offset
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